In the case of STAMP, the difficulty level of each item on the test is calculated through an IRT analysis of the responses of hundreds (and in many cases, thousands) of representative test-takers. test question) is associated with its own scientifically-measured difficulty level. This powerful test assembly and deployment approach is only possible by means of a psychometric technique called item-response-theory (IRT). This results in more accurate measurement of test-takers’ language proficiency and provides for a more pleasant experience for test-takers than is normally the case with a linear test, since test-takers will not come across a large number of items substantially below or above their actual level of proficiency.
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All STAMP Reading and Listening tests are computer-adaptive, meaning that the difficulty of the test adapts in real time to the estimated language ability of each test-taker. The Avant STAMP ( STAndards-based Measurement of Proficiency) assessments, however, make use of more modern psychometric and test development approaches and are not linear tests. Such reporting is useful in cases when every single test taker takes exactly the same test, as in the case of linear, fixed-form tests. For example, the scores in some tests are reported in terms of number correct or percentage correct. Test scores can come in many different flavors.
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If not, what is the point of test scores? When test developers report test scores to end-users (school administrators, teachers, parents, the test-takers themselves, or other potential score users), it is important that the meaning of the numerical scores reported be clear and easy to use.